| 1. | Production functions and outage cost analysis
生产函数与缺能损失分析 |
| 2. | During the study of the reliability , it is the most difficult to estimate the system ' s user ' s outage costs
在这一研究中，最难确定的就是系统用户的停电损失。 |
| 3. | At last , the outage costs are used on reliability optimization project are theoretically discussed
最后，对于停电损失运用于可靠性优化规划，从理论上作了初步探讨。 |
| 4. | On the one hand , the customers hope for higher reliability with less money to reduce their outage costs ; on the other hand , it is difficult for the supply department to enhance the power supply ' s reliability because of the limit of money and technology
一方面用户希望在经济的前提下得到可靠度高的供电，以降低其停电损失；而另一方面，供电部门在提高供电可靠性上受着资金和技术的限制。 |
| 5. | Under assumptions that accurate system outage cost is known and prices bids by generation companies are consistent with their true costs , both economic efficiency and system reliability can be simultaneously taken into account in the proposed scheme
扩展了传统的高峰负荷定价理论，对备用容量与可靠性指标之间的相关性进行了分析，从而能够确定出兼顾经济性和可靠性的最优备用容量和价格； 5 |
| 6. | The best way to solve the problem is to adopt the reliability cost - benefit analysis method which analyze the outage costs of generation side and demand side to find the optimal reliability to reduce the power company and the customer ' s costs to the least
解决这一矛盾最好的办法就是采用可靠性成本?效益分析法，综合分析供电侧的投资成本和用电侧的停电损失，寻求一最优可靠度，使供用电双方的成本费用为最小。 |
| 7. | The outage costs can be regarded as an index to image the unreliability extent and there is the relation between outage costs and reliability index . how to establish the reliability index and how to evaluate it are the basis of the study on the economics of power system reliability
停电损失反映了供电不可靠的程度，它与可靠性指标有关系，而制定可靠性指标并对其进行定量评估是开展可靠性经济性研究的基础。 |
| 8. | This thesis discusses the conception and classification of the outage costs , and the factors influencing outage costs and the method of outage costs estimation and its advantages and disadvantages are presented , at last customer survey is regarded as a better way to evaluates the outage costs
本文比较深入地论述了停电损失的概念，明确了其分类，分析了影响停电损失的各种因素，论述了过去或现在测定停电损失的方法，以及这些方法的优缺点，确定了利用用户调查法来估算不同用户的停电损失。 |
| 9. | According to the different characteristics of user ' s economic activities and the energy consumption , the thesis gives a quantitative analysis on the users " outage costs and gives the outage costs estimation model of three kinds of users ( residential sector , industrial sector , commercial sector ) . by design - survey table , residential users are investigated , and the residential users outage costs are estimated
根据各类用户用电特性、停电特性和经济活动的不同特点，对它们的停电损失作定性及定量的分析，提出了三类(住宅、工业、商业)用户的停电损失估算模型，并设计了调查表，利用调查表对住宅类用户进行实际调查，经过数据处理获得该类用户的停电损失值，验证了调查表的合理性。 |
| 10. | Based on the profound study of the method which is used to estimate the outage costs abroad , the thesis amends the estimation method which makes the estimation more reasonable with the practical situation in our country . under a certain calculation circumstance , the thesis adopts two different costs models to calculate a example ' s outage costs which illuminate that adopting the two models to estimate outage costs is feasible
在一定计算条件下，分别采用两种不同的费用模型，对一算例求系统的停电损失，所得结果相近，说明利用这两种模型估算系统停电损失是可行的正确的，然后对它们进行了比较，并提出一种使停电损失的估算具有通用性的新思想。 |
